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Terms in this set (120)Mary Whiton Calkins The first woman to serve as president of the American Psychological Association was Abraham Maslow The theory of motivation developed by humanistic psychologist _____ emphasizes psychological growth. Francis C. Sumner While chair of the psychology department at Howard University, this student of William James oversaw the graduation of more African Americans into the ranks of psychologists than all other colleges and universities combined at the time. Humanistic psychology _______ emphasizes the influence of the current environment on one's growth potential. structuralism Which school of psychology is most clearly concerned with the basic components of conscious experiences? William James The early school of psychology called functionalism was largely influenced by the ideas of psychoanalysis Carrie is taking a graduate school course on therapy theories. One theory is about uncovering unconscious causes of behavior. It is likely that the chapter that contains this theory is about: functionalism The _____ school of psychology was most clearly concerned with the adaptive value of complex mental processes Humanistic psychology Rashad begins seeing a therapist to cope with a number of stressful life events. The therapist does not focus on his childhood or on any learned behaviors, but rather she emphasizes the importance of Rashad's need for love and acceptance. To which school of thought does the therapist belong? Mary Whiton Calkins She studied with William James at Harvard and taught experimental psychology at the women's college, Wellesley. the focus on one's conscious experience The essential similarity between the structuralists and the functionalists is: He taught the first course in psychology at an American university Which statement about G. Stanley Hall is false?
G. Stanley Hall The founder of the American Psychological Association was _____ Physiology In order to measure the otherwise unobservable mental processes of the mind, early scientists applied the methods of _____ to study mental processes conscious The essential similarity between the structuralists and the functionalists is the focus on one's _____ experience the mind and body are separate entities that interact to produce sensations, emotions, and conscious experiences Descartes introduced the doctrine of interactive dualism. Contemporary psychologists continue to debate some of the ideas behind this doctrine, which states that William James Psychologists who today focus on the adaptive function of behaviors and emotions (that is, those who study behaviors and emotions that appear to have allowed our ancestors to survive) would likely consider the psychologist _____ to be an early representative of their approach to psychology clinical Currently, the MOST popular specialty area for psychologists is the field of _____ psychology. evolutionary A baby clinging to her mother for comfort or food as a means of survival helps us to understand the _____ perspective. developmental Professor Bernstein conducts basic research on the progressive changes in infants' perceptual skills during the first year of life. Professor Bernstein is MOST likely a _____ psychologist. clinical Dr. Stevens provides psychotherapy to people who suffer from excessive anxiety. Dr. Stevens is MOST likely a _____ psychologist. cognitive Since Reagan wants to help people with memory loss, he is most apt to study _____ psychology. developmental Professor Mernard conducts basic research on the progressive changes in infants' perceptual skills during the first year of life. Professor Mernard is MOST likely a(n) _____ psychologist. theory A(n) _____ explains events based on repeated observations and testing case study A(n) _____ is an observation technique in which one person is studied in depth. skepticism Which attitude has helped to make modern science possible? to correlate If two traits accompany each other (that is, they vary together) then the two traits are said: one variable causes change in a second variable The experimental method differs from descriptive methods because the experimental method is able to answer how negative A(n) _____ correlation indicates that two sets of scores have an inverse relationship; as one goes up the other goes down, for example time spent brushing teeth and tooth decay They should organize observations and imply clear, testable predictions Which qualities would researchers in psychology ascribe to "good" theories significant Leticia, a graduate student in psychology, has conducted a research study that has confirmed her hypothesis that high maternal warmth predicts higher levels of social adjustment. Because her results are statistically _____, Leticia is considering publishing her findings There are other variables causing both effects There is a correlation between increasing global warming and the decline of ninjas. What is the most plausible explanation for this? skepticism Psychologists persistently ask, "What evidence supports this claim?" because they approach the world of behavior with a healthy sense of randomly select You are a member of a research team that has been awarded grant money to examine racial attitudes of psychologists working with racially diverse patients. In order to sample this specific group using surveys, you need to narrow the population of interest and then _____ who will receive the surveys draw conclusions to Mark is using statistics to summarize, analyze, and _____ the data he has collected for his research study. hypothesis A large pharmaceutical company writes a research protocol based on its belief that the new medication called Drug R may be useful in treating anxiety. It predicts that Drug R should lower symptoms of anxiety. This prediction is a(n) _____ hypothesis Fiona wants to test her prediction, also known as a _____, that "lack of sleep increases the likelihood of lower test scores for college students." coorelation As the age of a male professor increases, the amount of hair on his head decreases. This is a critical thinking Jane and Sarah were watching the evening news when viewers were asked to call in about the city's proposal to raise taxes. Later in the broadcast, the results of the poll were posted. Both Jane and Sarah were skeptical of the report that 68 percent of viewers supported the tax increase and wondered who participated in the poll. Thus, Jane and Sarah demonstrated: operational Karen plans to measure happiness based on how frequently a person smiles or laughs. This measure of happiness is called her _____ definition. theories As Ron is reading the conclusions of a research article, he notices that the authors mention some tentative explanations to account for diverse findings on the topic. As a result of the authors' _____, Ron is able to generate a prediction and hypothesis that he can test in his own research are engaging in critical thinking. You and your best friend are discussing fossil fuel usage, and your friend says that carbon emissions have increased 15 percent. When you ask where he pulled that number from, you: random assignement Researchers control factors (e.g., age, attitudes) that might influence a dependent variable by means of experiment In science, the clearest way to isolate cause and effect is to conduct a(n) _____ the American Psychological Association Which organization established a set of ethical principles that psychological research must follow in order for researchers to publish their results in research journals? independent In an experiment, researchers manipulate one or more _____ variables caution in drawing conclusions Drawbacks to "sensational" journalism that feature psychology research findings do NOT include unethical One of the difficulties in trying to experimentally study such variables as chronic noise and stress levels is that manipulation of these variables, particularly with children, can be _____. magnetic resonance imaging Margarita was injured in a car accident and lost consciousness for 10 minutes. She sustained numerous lacerations, a right femoral contusion, and had a large open wound on her head. When she arrived at the emergency room, the attending physician immediately ordered a neuroimaging technique called _____ to rule out any soft tissue damage to the brain. informed consent Francine, a college freshman, has agreed to participate in a psychology research study. Before she begins her participation, she reads a statement written by the researcher explaining the purpose of the research and the potential risks of participation. It also explains that Francine is free to withdraw from the research at any time. In providing Francine with this statement, the researcher has followed the ethical guidelines of _____ for participants experimental method Professor Garcia would like to study parental spanking and aggressive behavior in children. Which research method would NOT be feasible due to ethical problems associated with trying to manipulate the spanking variable? experiment To examine the effect of hunger on taste sensitivity, groups of research participants are deprived of food for differing lengths of time before they engage in a taste-sensitivity test. This is an example of a(n) _____ double-blind procedure The _____ is a method in which neither the research participants nor the researchers know whether the participants are getting the treatment or a placebo. random assignment In order to control for experimenter bias as well as extraneous variables such as severity of condition, attitudes, age, etc., researchers assign subjects to groups by: double-blind Both subjects and study sites participating in the Drug R/Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) study are blinded as to whether the subject is receiving Drug R, the comparator, or the placebo. This is known as the _____ procedure. structuralism Edward Titchener (1867-1927) started a school of thought in psychology called Abraham Maslow The theory of motivation developed by ______, emphasized psychological growth. the biological perspective The relationship between physiology and psychology would fall under which major perspective in psychology? psychodynamic Dr. Fine is a psychologist who emphasizes the importance of unconscious influences in her work with patients. It is most likely that Dr. Fine conceptualizes her work from a ______ perspective. Positive Matthew has recently been diagnosed with schizophrenia. The therapeutic approach used in his outpatient treatment facility involves a focus on Matthew's personal well-being rather than just on alleviating his symptoms. This approach is known as the ______ psychology perspective.
hypothesis Thomas thinks that his wife slightly resembles the family dog. In trying to explain this resemblance to her, he shows her the results of research that has scientifically tested the ______ that, based on observations of dog owners, people do tend to resemble their dogs if the dogs are purebred critical Mary often challenges herself to be aware of biases and assumptions and to engage in reflective thinking. Her friends sometimes accurately refer to her as a(n) ______ thinker. testimonials According to the Science Versus Pseudoscience box titled, "What Is a Pseudoscience?," one of the ways that pseudosciences support their claims of success involve observing Descriptive methods are research strategies for ______ and describing behavior randomly assign You are a member of a research team that has been awarded a grant to examine racial attitudes of psychologists working with racially diverse patients. In order to sample this specific group using surveys, you need to narrow the population of interest and then ______ who will be chosen to receive the surveys. correlation coefficient The ______ is the numerical indicator of the strength of the relationship between two factors correlational In a study designed to measure whether the number of hours of sleep significantly predicts higher test grades, researchers vary the number of hours of sleep that subjects get per night. This method of manipulating one variable to measure change in a second variable is called: one variable causes change in a second variable Experimental research differs from descriptive methods of research in that experimental research is able to answer how Karen Martha participates in a research study in order to receive extra credit for her psychology class. When she arrives in the research office she is given a can of what looks and tastes like beer, but which actually contains no alcohol. In the adjoining room Martha's classmate Karen is also participating in the study. Karen also receives a similar can, but hers does contain alcohol. If the experiment is designed to test the effects of alcohol on concentration, who receives the experimental condition? Unethical One of the difficulties in trying to experimentally study such variables as chronic noise and stress levels, is that subjecting participants, particularly children, to these variables would be Unethical Psychological research that requires subjects to participate in an experiment without the person giving his or her consent would be viewed by the American Psychological Society as
debriefing As part of the ______ process, psychologists are obligated to describe the nature, results, and conclusions of the research, and to correct misconceptions that the participants may have had about the research. Neuroscience The scientific study of the nervous system, which includes the scientific discipline of biological psychology, is known as _____. dopamine The neurotransmitter associated with pleasure that plays a role in drug addiction is called _____ interneurons The largest number of neurons within the brain and spinal cord are responsible for the central nervous system's complex internal communications and intervene between inputs and outputs. These are the _____. refractory period; cannot During the _____, the ions of the neuron are imbalanced, and it _____ immediately send another signal. motor The basic type of neuron you would use to pick up an object is the _____ neuron interneurons Given the proportional amounts of the different types of neurons, which would be LEAST likely to cause you problems if you lost 100,000 of them neurotransmitter Much like a lock and a key, is the relationship between the receptor site on a neuron and a ____ nervous The _____ system is also the body's primary communication network. action potential The brief electrical impulse by which information is transmitted along the axon of a neuron is called a(n) motor neurons The neurons that carry outgoing information from the brain and spinal cord to the body's muscles and glands are the: myelin sheath Mr. Randolph has multiple sclerosis (MS). He experiences muscle weakness, loss of coordination and speech, and visual disturbances that result from the slowdown or interruption of neural transmission. The cause of these symptoms probably involves the degeneration of his _____. neuroscientist Dr. Reynolds is studying how memories are stored in the brain. Dr. Reynolds is MOST likely a neuroscientist Dr. Gadhuri studies the physiology of the brain, but spends little time looking at behavior. Dr. Gadhuri is most likely a(n) _____ GABA In an effort to relax after a week of traveling for work, Michael has a couple of glasses of wine, and his coworker Bao-Yu takes a Valium. Both alcohol and Valium work by increasing the activity of the neurotransmitter _____, which inhibits action potentials and slows brain activity. peripheral; central The somatic and autonomic parts of the nervous system are related to the _____ nervous system in the same way that the brain and spinal cord are related to the _____ nervous system. pancreas The _____ regulates the level of sugar in the blood. raises; dilates In stressful situations, the sympathetic nervous system _____ the heart rate and _____ the pupils of the eyes. parasympathetic After a police car with flashing lights and a blaring siren passes him and pulls over another driver for speeding, Justin's heartbeat soon slows down, his blood pressure decreases, and he stops sweating so much. These calming physical reactions are MOST directly regulated by his _____ nervous system. norepinephrine Which chemical messenger is BOTH a neurotransmitter and a hormone? pituitary The _____ gland triggers ovaries and testes to release sex hormones. autonomic nervous system In terms of heartbeat, digestion, and glandular functioning, the body is a fairly well-oiled machine that works even when one is asleep. This is possible due to the: gonads The _____, also known as the sex organs, secrete the hormones estrogen and testosterone.
sympathetic Rochelle has to walk down a dark alley to get to her house. One night, a cat knocks over a trash can as Rochelle walks by, startling her. Which division of her nervous system is MOST likely activate? adrenal glands People often engage in extreme sports to feel the "rush" of epinephrine and norepinephrine. This rush comes from the sympathetic A child staying with his grandparents wakes them up to say he heard a loud noise. As the grandparents investigate, they experience dry mouth, sweating and racing hearts. Which nervous system has been activated? bladder contractions Which action does the autonomic nervous system MOST directly control? stressed The sympathetic nervous system responds mainly to situations in which one is nerve a bundle of many axons olfactory bulb Newborn neurons develop into mature functioning neurons in at least two areas of the human brain: the hippocampus and the corpus callosum The _____ connects the left and right hemispheres of the brain language Aphasia is the loss of _____ ability. Franz Gall The person MOST likely to claim that a slight protrusion in a certain region of someone's skull would indicate that the individual had an optimistic personality would be _____. hippocampus A person whose job constantly requires spatial learning most likely has an enlarged _____. Broca's area When a woman can understand speech but cannot speak, it is likely that there has been damage to her _____, located in the lower left frontal lobe. medulla Damage to this area of the brain can be deadly as this structure controls heart rate, respiration, and circulation. the corpus callosum Dr. Hauser is a neurosurgeon working with patients who have major epileptic seizures. If no medication helps them, which part of the brain might Dr. Hauser sever to help reduce her patients' seizures? frontal Which lobe of the cerebral cortex is MOST directly involved in speaking? structural plasticity Sarah just learned to juggle. Before and after images of her brain showed a 3 percent increase in the size of a few specific brain regions. This is known as: the right hemisphere Information that is received on the left side of the body is processed in _____ of the brain. thalamus The brain area MOST like a post office, receiving and distributing information to the rest of the brain is called the ____. limbic system With a name that means "border," the _____ is a brain structure involved in learning, memory, and emotional control, and forms a sort of border around the brainstem. glial cells, neuron cell bodies, and unmyelinated axons; axons with myelinated sheaths The area of one's brain that consists of grey matter is really made up of ____, while the white matter consists of ______. aphasia A nurse is working at a rehabilitation center that treats patients who have experienced a type of brain damage that causes them to be unable to articulate ideas or understand spoken or written language. The nurse is working with patients who have _____ hindbrain The pons and medulla are positioned in the _____ stimulus The minimum level of stimulation required to activate a particular neuron is called the ______ threshold. cerebellum One afternoon, you accompany your friend to the emergency room. A man stumbles in, shaky and generally unstable. Your first thought is that he has had too much to drink. A physician performs a toxicology test and "rules out" intoxication. This leaves you to conclude that this man has most likely experienced damage to the ______ of his brain. epinephrine and norepinephrine Which of the following are produced by the adrenal medulla and also work as neurotransmitters to stimulate activity at the synapses in the sympathetic nervous system? understand speech; speak As a result of damage to Wernicke's area, Larry is unable to ______, but he is still able to ______, although not always clearly. Sets with similar termsPsyc 150 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, 2a, 2b, 2c106 terms connor_dykstra 150 terms tyrag9779 psychology exam 180 terms casjspen Intro to Psych Exam 170 terms emily88f Sets found in the same folderExam 1148 terms meganfrdn1 Psyc Learning Curve: The Origins of Psychology16 terms AndreyaHarvey Learning Curve 1b : contemporary psychology37 terms dapere22 LearningCurve 1b: Contemporary Psychology20 terms amanda_sherman9 Other sets by this creatorECON 32O TEST 140 terms grantab24 ECON 202 TEST 1 SLATER26 terms grantab24 EXAM 1 20837 terms grantab24 N209 Test36 terms grantab24 Verified questionsPSYCHOLOGY What are two ways that you can help reduce prejudice in your school or community? Verified answer
QUESTION Which region of the brain plays a significant role in our sense of alertness and arousal? a. Pons b. Corpus callosum c. Parietal lobe d. Hippocampus e. Reticular formation Verified answer QUESTION Compare and contrast the influence parents and peers have on a child's development, giving one example for each. Verified answer
QUESTION People are more likely to disobey an authority figure when a. they are alone with the authority figure. b. the authority figure is male. c. the authority figure's request would cause harm to another person. d. they are in a group with more than three people. e. they have seen someone else disobey. Verified answer Recommended textbook solutions Psychology: Themes and Variations10th EditionWayne Weiten 180 solutions Cognitive Psychology4th EditionE Bruce Goldstein 300 solutions Abnormal Psychology8th EditionDavid Barlow, Stefan Hofmann, V Durand 307 solutions Drugs Society and Human Behavior15th EditionCarl Hart, Charles Ksir 189 solutions Other Quizlet setsUnit 13 Promotional Strategies10 terms paulineganderTEACHER TEAS: Basic Atomic Structure16 terms J9178 russian revolution lesson 410 terms haileyligg Rev Exam25 terms clynch86 Related questionsQUESTION Sofia loves that she gets attention from her kindergarten teacher every time she uses her manners. Because of it, she continues to use her manners. What does this demonstrate? 3 answers QUESTION A dentist becomes threatened by her own angry feelings and accuses her assistant of being mean. This is an example of which defense mechanism? 2 answers QUESTION bring unconscious conflicts to conscious awareness to help the person gain insight into conflicts and resolve them. 5 answers QUESTION Small doses of this drug can interfere with the electrical system of the heart, and can cause strokes by constricting blood supply to the brain. 15 answers Who developed the theory of motivation that emphasized psychological growth?Abraham Maslow's hierarchy of needs is one of the best-known theories of motivation. Maslow's theory states that our actions are motivated by certain physiological and psychological needs that progress from basic to complex.
Which of the following people developed a theory of motivation that emphasized psychological growth quizlet?Skinner. Which of the following people developed a theory of motivation that emphasized psychological growth? Humanistic psychology emphasized: A) the active role played by mental processes in organizing sensations into meaningful perceptions.
What was Abraham's Maslow's theory?Abraham Maslow was an American psychologist who developed a hierarchy of needs to explain human motivation. His theory suggested that people have a number of basic needs that must be met before people move up the hierarchy to pursue more social, emotional, and self-actualizing needs.
Who is the father of motivation in psychology?
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The theory of motivation that emphasizes psychological growth was developed by:
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